The North of England in the Early 16^th Century 

 

The Northern Counties of Durham, Cumberland, Northumberland, Westmorland, Lancashire and Yorkshire formed the northern bulwark against invasion by the Scots. 

Anchored in the west by the walled city of Carlisle, and in the east by the fortress-city of Berwick-on-Tweed, these defenses did not prevent King James IV of Scotland from conducting a raid in 1496 and pillaging farms and manors along the Till Valley in Northumberland. 

 

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